Amategeko y'Umuhanda mu Rwanda
Ibibazo 101 by'amategeko y'umuhanda: gutambuka mbere, umuvuduko, kunyuranaho, guhagarara n'amatara.
📖Incamake y’Amategeko n’Ibyo KwigaAmategeko y'UmuhandaSoma ibyigwa ↓Collapse ↑▾
Amategeko y'umuhanda agenga uburyo bwo kugendera mu nzira nyabagendwa n'umutekano w'abawukoresha mu Rwanda.
Uko Ikizamini cy'Amategeko kimeze muri Polisi (RNP)
Iyo ugiye gukora ikizamini cy'agateganyo kuri mudasobwa (Touch screen / CBT) mu bigo bya Polisi, mudasobwa igutoranyiriza ibibazo 20 biturutse muri banki y'ibibazo by'igihugu. Muri ibyo bibazo 20, ibibazo biri hagati ya 10 na 12 biba byerekeye amategeko y'umuhanda.
Uhagarikirwa igihe cy'iminota 20 yo gukora ibyo bibazo 20. Buri kibazo kiba gifite amahitamo 4 (A, B, C, D). Kugira ngo utsinde uhabwe uruhushya rw'agateganyo, ugomba gutsindira byibura amanota 12 kuri 20 (60%).
Imiterere y’ikizamini
Ibibazo 20 bitoranywa mu buryo bwa tombola, iminota 20 yo kubisubiza.
Amanota yo gutsinda
Byibura amanota 12/20 asabwa na Polisi y’u Rwanda kugira ngo utsinde.
Ubwoko bw’ibibazo
Ibibazo by’amahitamo bibaza ku ngingo z’amategeko, intera zitegetswe n’uburenganzira bwo gutambuka.
Ingingo z'Ingenzi Zibazwa muri Ibi Bibazo 101
Ibibazo 101 biri muri iyi banki byibanda ku ngingo z'ingenzi zikunze kugaruka mu kizamini cya Polisi:
Gutambuka Mbere (Uburenganzira bwo Gutambuka)
Ihame ryo gutanga inzira ku kinyabiziga giturutse iburyo mu mahuriro y’imihanda adafite ibyapa, gutambuka mbere ku kinyabiziga kiri muri rond-point, no kureka ibinyabiziga bitabaye bifite intabaza n’amatara y’umuburo (imbangukiragutabara, polisi, kizimyamoto) bigatambuka mbere.
Umuvuduko Ntarengwa
Umuvuduko ntarengwa wemewe: km 40 mu isaha mu nsisiro / mu mijyi, na km 80 mu isaha ahasanzwe mu mihanda minini. Kugabanya umuvuduko ahari amashuri, ibitaro, inzira z’abanyamaguru no mu makorosi.
Kunyuranaho mu Muhanda
Kunyuranaho bikorerwa ibumoso gusa. Birabujijwe kunyuranaho mu makorosi ateje akaga, mu misozi hejuru aho utabona imbere, mu mahuriro y’inzira za gariyamoshi, no ku masangano y’abanyamaguru.
Guhagarara Akanya Gato n’Umwanya Munini
Itandukaniro riri hagati yo guhagarara akanya gato (kugira ngo abantu binjire cyangwa baviremo) no guhagarara umwanya munini (parking). Intera ya metero 5 igomba gusigara ku masangano y’imihanda.
Amatara y’Ikinyabiziga n’Urumuri
Kuzimya amatara maremare (y’urugendo) ugacana amagufi (ay’ikibariro) iyo uhuye n’ikindi kinyabiziga cyangwa iyo ugikurikiye muri m 50. Amatara ndangaburumbarare ku binyabiziga bifite ubugari burenze m 2.10, n’utugarurarumuri tubonwa muri m 150.
Gukurura Ibinyabiziga n’Umutekano
Uburyo bwo gukurura ikinyabiziga hakoreshejwe igiti cyangwa icyuma gikomeye, kubuza gutwara abana bari munsi y’imyaka 12 ku ntebe y’imbere igihe hari indi myanya, n’umukandara w’umutekano.
Inama Zizagufasha Gutsinda Iki Kizamini
Soma neza interuro y'ikibazo witonze. Witondere amagambo nka « birabujijwe », « bigomba », « igihe cyose », cyangwa « Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo ».
Fata mu mutwe ibipimo by'imibare: ubugari bw'ikinyabiziga (m 2.50 / m 2.10), intera yo kubona utugarurarumuri (m 150), urumuri rw'amatara maremare (m 100) n'amagufi (m 40).
Urutonde rw'Ibibazo Byose by'Amategeko (Ibibazo 101)
- 21Amategeko y’umuhandaIkinyabiziga kibujijwe guhagarara akanya kanini aha hakurikira :
- AImbere y’ahantu hinjirwa hakasohokerwa n’abantu benshi
- BMu muhanda aho ugabanyijemo ibisate bigaragazwa n’imirongo idacagaguye
- CA na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Ikinyabiziga kibujijwe guhagarara akanya kanini aha hakurikira :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. A na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- 22Amategeko y’umuhandaImburira zimurika zemerewe gukoreshwa kugirango bamenyeshe umuyobozi ko bagiye kumunyuraho aha hakurikira:
- AMu nsisiro gusa
- BAhegereye inyamaswa zikurura
- CHafi y’amatungo
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Imburira zimurika zemerewe gukoreshwa kugirango bamenyeshe umuyobozi ko bagiye kumunyuraho aha hakurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
- 23Amategeko y’umuhandaIbyapa biburira bibereyeho kumenyesha umugenzi :
- Ako hari icyago
- Bicyago kidasobanuye ukundi
- Cimiterere y’icyago gitunguranye
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Ibyapa biburira bibereyeho kumenyesha umugenzi :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: A. ko hari icyago
- 24Amategeko y’umuhandaIbinyabiziga bihinga n’ibindi bikoresho byihariye bikoreshwa n’ibigo bipatana imirimo, iyo bigenda mu nzira nyabagendwa igihe cya nijoro cyangwa bitewe n’uko ibihe bimeze bitagishoboka kubona neza muri m 200 bishobora kugaragazwa inyuma n’amatara 2 atukura, bipfa kuba bitarenza ibipimo bikurikira:
- Akutarenza umuvuduko wa km20 mu isaha
- Buburebure bwabyo habariwemo ibyo bitwaye bukaba butarengeje m6
- Cuburebure ntarengwa n burenga m8
- DA na B nibyo bisubizo by’ukuri
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Ibinyabiziga bihinga n’ibindi bikoresho byihariye bikoreshwa n’ibigo bipatana imirimo, iyo bigenda mu nzira nyabagendwa igihe cya nijoro cyangwa bitewe n’uko ibihe bimeze bitagishoboka kubona neza muri m 200 bishobora kugaragazwa inyuma n’amatara 2 atukura, bipfa kuba bitarenza ibipimo bikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. A na B nibyo bisubizo by’ukuri
- 25Amategeko y’umuhandaUtuyira turi ku mpande z’umuhanda n’ inkengero zigiye hejuru biharirwa abanyamaguru mu bihe bikurikira:
- AIyo hari amategeko yihariye yerekanwa n’ibimenyetso
- BIyo badatatanye kandi bayobowe n’umwarimu
- CIyo hatari amategeko yihariye yerekanwa n’ibimenyetso
- DIbisubizo byose ni ukuri
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Utuyira turi ku mpande z’umuhanda n’ inkengero zigiye hejuru biharirwa abanyamaguru mu bihe bikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. Iyo hatari amategeko yihariye yerekanwa n’ibimenyetso
- 26Amategeko y’umuhandaBumwe muri ubu bwoko bwa feri ituma imodoka iguma aho iri uko yaba yikoreye kose ku muzamuko cyangwa ku gacuri bya 16%, imyanya ya feri igomba gufata igakomeza kwegera kuburyo bw’ibyuma niyo umuyobozi yaba atarimo:
- Aferi yo guhagarara umwanya munini
- Bferi y’urugendo
- Cferi yo gutabara
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Bumwe muri ubu bwoko bwa feri ituma imodoka iguma aho iri uko yaba yikoreye kose ku muzamuko cyangwa ku gacuri bya 16%, imyanya ya feri igomba gufata igakomeza kwegera kuburyo bw’ibyuma niyo umuyobozi yaba atarimo:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: A. feri yo guhagarara umwanya munini
- 27Amategeko y’umuhandaUbugari bwa romoruki ikuruwe n’ikinyamitende itatu ntibugomba kurenza ibipimo bikurikira:
- Acm75
- Bcm125
- Ccm265
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri
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Ubugari bwa romoruki ikuruwe n’ikinyamitende itatu ntibugomba kurenza ibipimo bikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri
- 28Amategeko y’umuhandaAmatara maremare y’ibara ryera cyangwa ry’umuhondo agomba, nijoro igihe ijuru rikeye, kumurika mu muhanda mu ntera ya m 100 nibura imbere y’ikinyabiziga, ariko ku binyabiziga bifite moteri itarengeje za sen metero kibe 125 iyo ntera igira ibipimo bikurikira:
- Am200
- Bm100
- Cm85
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Amatara maremare y’ibara ryera cyangwa ry’umuhondo agomba, nijoro igihe ijuru rikeye, kumurika mu muhanda mu ntera ya m 100 nibura imbere y’ikinyabiziga, ariko ku binyabiziga bifite moteri itarengeje za sen metero kibe 125 iyo ntera igira ibipimo bikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
- 29Amategeko y’umuhandaIbyapa by’inyongera bishobora kumenyesha.
- Aibitegetswe byihariye gusa
- Bubugerure cyangwa amarengamategeko rusange cyangwa ibibujijwe ndetse n’ibitegetswe byihariye
- Ca na b ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Ibyapa by’inyongera bishobora kumenyesha.
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: B. ubugerure cyangwa amarengamategeko rusange cyangwa ibibujijwe ndetse n’ibitegetswe byihariye
- 30Amategeko y’umuhandaKu mihanda ibyapa bikurikira bigomba kugaragazwa ku buryo bumwe:
- AIbyapa biyobora n’ibitegeka
- BIbyapa biburira n’ibitegeka
- CIbyapa bibuza n’ibitegeka
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Ku mihanda ibyapa bikurikira bigomba kugaragazwa ku buryo bumwe:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. Ibyapa bibuza n’ibitegeka
- 31Amategeko y’umuhandaAhatari mu nsisiro ibyapa biburira n’ibyapa byo gutambuka mbere bigomba gushyirwa mu ntera ikurikira y’ahantu habyerekana:
- Ametero 150 kugeza kuri 200
- Bmetero 100 kugeza kuri 150
- Cmetero 50 kugeza kuri 100
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Ahatari mu nsisiro ibyapa biburira n’ibyapa byo gutambuka mbere bigomba gushyirwa mu ntera ikurikira y’ahantu habyerekana:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: A. metero 150 kugeza kuri 200
- 32Amategeko y’umuhandaNta tara na rimwe cyangwa akagarurarumuri bishobora kuba bifunze ku buryo igice cyabyo cyo hasi cyane kimurika kitaba kiri hasi y’ibipimo bikurikira kuva ku butaka igihe ikinyabiziga kidapakiye :
- ACm 30
- BCm 40
- CCm 50
- DMetero 1 na cm 55
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Nta tara na rimwe cyangwa akagarurarumuri bishobora kuba bifunze ku buryo igice cyabyo cyo hasi cyane kimurika kitaba kiri hasi y’ibipimo bikurikira kuva ku butaka igihe ikinyabiziga kidapakiye :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: B. Cm 40
- 33Amategeko y’umuhandaNibura ikinyabiziga gitegetswe kugira uduhanagurakirahure tungahe:
- A2
- B3
- C1
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Nibura ikinyabiziga gitegetswe kugira uduhanagurakirahure tungahe:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. 1
- 34Amategeko y’umuhandaIgice cy'inzira nyabagendwa kigarukira ku mirongo ibiri yera icagaguye ibangikanye kandi gifite ubugari budahagije kugira ngo imodoka zitambuke neza, kiba ari:
- AAhanyurwa n’ibinyamitende
- BAhanyurwa n’amagare na velomoteri
- CAhanyurwa n’ingorofani
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Igice cy'inzira nyabagendwa kigarukira ku mirongo ibiri yera icagaguye ibangikanye kandi gifite ubugari budahagije kugira ngo imodoka zitambuke neza, kiba ari:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: A. Ahanyurwa n’ibinyamitende
- 35Amategeko y’umuhandaUburyo bukoreshwa kugirango ikinyabiziga kigende gahoro igihe feri idakora neza babwita:
- AFeri y’urugendo
- BFeri yo guhagarara umwanya munini
- CFeri yo gutabara
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Uburyo bukoreshwa kugirango ikinyabiziga kigende gahoro igihe feri idakora neza babwita:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. Feri yo gutabara
- 36Amategeko y’umuhandaIyo romoruki iziritse ku kinyamitende, velomoteri n’amapikipiki bidafite akanyabiziga ko kuruhande uretse ikinyamitende na velomoteri bidafite umuyobozi, iyo uburumbarare bwayo cyangwa bw’ibyo yikoreye bituma itara ry’ikinyabiziga gikurura ritagaragara igihe bitagishoboka kubona neza muri m 200 bigomba kugaragazwa ku buryo bukurikira:
- Aitara ryera cyangwa ry’umuhondo cyangwa risa n’icunga rihishije riri kuri rumoruki inyuma
- Bitara ry’icyatsi cyangwa ry’umuhondo cyangwa risa n’icunga rihishije riri kuri rumoruki inyuma
- CA na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Iyo romoruki iziritse ku kinyamitende, velomoteri n’amapikipiki bidafite akanyabiziga ko kuruhande uretse ikinyamitende na velomoteri bidafite umuyobozi, iyo uburumbarare bwayo cyangwa bw’ibyo yikoreye bituma itara ry’ikinyabiziga gikurura ritagaragara igihe bitagishoboka kubona neza muri m 200 bigomba kugaragazwa ku buryo bukurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: A. itara ryera cyangwa ry’umuhondo cyangwa risa n’icunga rihishije riri kuri rumoruki inyuma
- 37Amategeko y’umuhandaUbugari bw’imizigo yikorewe n’ipikipiki idafite akanyabiziga ko kuruhande kimwe n’ubwa romoruki ikuruwe na bene icyo kinyabiziga ntibushobora kurenza ibipimo bikurikira:
- Am 1.25
- Bcm 30
- Ccm 75
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Ubugari bw’imizigo yikorewe n’ipikipiki idafite akanyabiziga ko kuruhande kimwe n’ubwa romoruki ikuruwe na bene icyo kinyabiziga ntibushobora kurenza ibipimo bikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: A. m 1.25
- 38Amategeko y’umuhandaAhatari mu nsisiro, umuyobozi wese ugenza ikinyabiziga kimwe cyangwa ibinyabiziga bikomatanye bifite uburemere ntarengwa bwemewe burenga ibiro 3500 cyangwa bifite uburebure bwite burenga metero 10 agomba, keretse iyo anyuze cyangwa agiye kunyura ku bindi binyabiziga, gusiga hagati y’ikinyabiziga cye n’iki muri imbere umwanya uhagije kugirango ibinyabiziga bimuhiseho bishobore kuhigobeka bidateje impanuka igihe bibaye ngombwa ariko ibyo ntibikurikizwa mu bihe bikurikira:
- Amu gihe ibigendera mu muhanda ari byinshi kimwe no mu duce tw'inzira nyabagendwa aho kunyuranaho bibujijwe
- Bigihe ibigendera mu muhanda ari byinshi mu duce tw’inzira nyabagendwa aho kunyuranaho bibujijwe
- CA na B ni Ibisubizo by'ukuri
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Ahatari mu nsisiro, umuyobozi wese ugenza ikinyabiziga kimwe cyangwa ibinyabiziga bikomatanye bifite uburemere ntarengwa bwemewe burenga ibiro 3500 cyangwa bifite uburebure bwite burenga metero 10 agomba, keretse iyo anyuze cyangwa agiye kunyura ku bindi binyabiziga, gusiga hagati y’ikinyabiziga cye n’iki muri imbere umwanya uhagije kugirango ibinyabiziga bimuhiseho bishobore kuhigobeka bidateje impanuka igihe bibaye ngombwa ariko ibyo ntibikurikizwa mu bihe bikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. A na B ni Ibisubizo by'ukuri
- 39Amategeko y’umuhandaUburemere ntarengwa bwemewe ntibushobora kurenga ½ cy’uburemere bw’ikinyabiziga gikurura nubw’umuyobozi kuri romoruki zikurikira :
- ARomoruki ifite feri y’urugendo
- BRomoruki idafite feri y’urugendo
- CRomoruki itarenza kg 750
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Uburemere ntarengwa bwemewe ntibushobora kurenga ½ cy’uburemere bw’ikinyabiziga gikurura nubw’umuyobozi kuri romoruki zikurikira :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: B. Romoruki idafite feri y’urugendo
- 40Amategeko y’umuhandaIcyapa cyerekana inzira y’amatungo itegetswe giteye:
- AUruziga mubuso bw’ubururu, ishusho y’inka mu ibara ry’umukara
- BUruziga mu ibara ryera, ishusho y’inka mwibara ry’ubururu
- CUruziga mu buso bw’ibara ry’ubururu, ishusho y’inka mu ibara ryera n’ikirango cy’umukara
- Dmpande eshatu mu buso bw’ibara ry’umweru n’ishusho y’inka mu ibara ry’umukara
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Icyapa cyerekana inzira y’amatungo itegetswe giteye:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. mpande eshatu mu buso bw’ibara ry’umweru n’ishusho y’inka mu ibara ry’umukara
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa ku Mategeko y'Umuhanda
Ibibazo by'ingenzi byo mu kizamini cy'agateganyo n'ibisubizo by'ukuri n'ibisobanuro byabyo.
1Inkombe z’inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa z’umuhanda zishobora kugaragazwa n’ibikoresho ngarurarumuri. Ibyo bikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho ku buryo abagenzi babibona :▾
- 01Amategeko y’umuhandaInkombe z’inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa z’umuhanda zishobora kugaragazwa n’ibikoresho ngarurarumuri. Ibyo bikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho ku buryo abagenzi babibona :
- ABabona gusa ibumoso bwabo iby’ibara ritukura
- BIburyo babona iby’ibara risa n’icunga rihishije gusa
- CBabona iby’ibara ry’umuhondo ibumoso
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Inkombe z’inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa z’umuhanda zishobora kugaragazwa n’ibikoresho ngarurarumuri. Ibyo bikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho ku buryo abagenzi babibona :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
2Iyo hatarimo indi myanya birabujijwe gutwara ku ntebe y’imbere y’imodoka abana badafite imyaka:▾
- 02Amategeko y’umuhandaIyo hatarimo indi myanya birabujijwe gutwara ku ntebe y’imbere y’imodoka abana badafite imyaka:
- AImyaka 10
- BImyaka 12
- CImyaka 7
- DNtagisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Iyo hatarimo indi myanya birabujijwe gutwara ku ntebe y’imbere y’imodoka abana badafite imyaka:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: B. Imyaka 12
3Ibinyabiziga bifite ubugari bufite ibipimo bikurikira bigomba kugira amatara ndangaburumbarare :▾
- 03Amategeko y’umuhandaIbinyabiziga bifite ubugari bufite ibipimo bikurikira bigomba kugira amatara ndangaburumbarare :
- AMetero 3
- BMetero 2 na cm 50
- CMetero 2 na cm 10
- DMetero 2
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Ibinyabiziga bifite ubugari bufite ibipimo bikurikira bigomba kugira amatara ndangaburumbarare :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. Metero 2 na cm 10
4Iyo tumuritswe n’amatara y’urugendo y’ikinyabiziga utugarurarumuri tugomba n’ijoro, igihe ijuru rikeye kubonwa n’umuyobozi w’ikinyabiziga kiri mu ntera ikurikira:▾
- 04Amategeko y’umuhandaIyo tumuritswe n’amatara y’urugendo y’ikinyabiziga utugarurarumuri tugomba n’ijoro, igihe ijuru rikeye kubonwa n’umuyobozi w’ikinyabiziga kiri mu ntera ikurikira:
- Ametero 100
- Bmetero 150
- Cmetero 200
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Iyo tumuritswe n’amatara y’urugendo y’ikinyabiziga utugarurarumuri tugomba n’ijoro, igihe ijuru rikeye kubonwa n’umuyobozi w’ikinyabiziga kiri mu ntera ikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: B. metero 150
5Iyo umuhanda ugabanijemo ibisate bibiri kandi ugendwamo mu byerekezo byombi umuyobozi abujijwe :▾
- 101Amategeko y’umuhandaIyo umuhanda ugabanijemo ibisate bibiri kandi ugendwamo mu byerekezo byombi umuyobozi abujijwe :
- Akugendera mu gisate cy’iburyo
- Bkunyuranaho
- Ckugendera mu gisate cy’ibumoso
- Dibisubizo byose ni byo
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Iyo umuhanda ugabanijemo ibisate bibiri kandi ugendwamo mu byerekezo byombi umuyobozi abujijwe :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. kugendera mu gisate cy’ibumoso
Ibyapa byo mu Muhanda (Ibibazo 97)
Iga ibyapa biburira ibyago, ibibuza, ibitegeka, n’ibimenyetso byo ku butaka bifite amafoto yabyo.
Itoze Ibibazo by'Amategeko y'Umuhanda
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