Amategeko y'Umuhanda mu Rwanda
Ibibazo 101 by'amategeko y'umuhanda: gutambuka mbere, umuvuduko, kunyuranaho, guhagarara n'amatara.
📖Incamake y’Amategeko n’Ibyo KwigaAmategeko y'UmuhandaSoma ibyigwa ↓Collapse ↑▾
Amategeko y'umuhanda agenga uburyo bwo kugendera mu nzira nyabagendwa n'umutekano w'abawukoresha mu Rwanda.
Uko Ikizamini cy'Amategeko kimeze muri Polisi (RNP)
Iyo ugiye gukora ikizamini cy'agateganyo kuri mudasobwa (Touch screen / CBT) mu bigo bya Polisi, mudasobwa igutoranyiriza ibibazo 20 biturutse muri banki y'ibibazo by'igihugu. Muri ibyo bibazo 20, ibibazo biri hagati ya 10 na 12 biba byerekeye amategeko y'umuhanda.
Uhagarikirwa igihe cy'iminota 20 yo gukora ibyo bibazo 20. Buri kibazo kiba gifite amahitamo 4 (A, B, C, D). Kugira ngo utsinde uhabwe uruhushya rw'agateganyo, ugomba gutsindira byibura amanota 12 kuri 20 (60%).
Imiterere y’ikizamini
Ibibazo 20 bitoranywa mu buryo bwa tombola, iminota 20 yo kubisubiza.
Amanota yo gutsinda
Byibura amanota 12/20 asabwa na Polisi y’u Rwanda kugira ngo utsinde.
Ubwoko bw’ibibazo
Ibibazo by’amahitamo bibaza ku ngingo z’amategeko, intera zitegetswe n’uburenganzira bwo gutambuka.
Ingingo z'Ingenzi Zibazwa muri Ibi Bibazo 101
Ibibazo 101 biri muri iyi banki byibanda ku ngingo z'ingenzi zikunze kugaruka mu kizamini cya Polisi:
Gutambuka Mbere (Uburenganzira bwo Gutambuka)
Ihame ryo gutanga inzira ku kinyabiziga giturutse iburyo mu mahuriro y’imihanda adafite ibyapa, gutambuka mbere ku kinyabiziga kiri muri rond-point, no kureka ibinyabiziga bitabaye bifite intabaza n’amatara y’umuburo (imbangukiragutabara, polisi, kizimyamoto) bigatambuka mbere.
Umuvuduko Ntarengwa
Umuvuduko ntarengwa wemewe: km 40 mu isaha mu nsisiro / mu mijyi, na km 80 mu isaha ahasanzwe mu mihanda minini. Kugabanya umuvuduko ahari amashuri, ibitaro, inzira z’abanyamaguru no mu makorosi.
Kunyuranaho mu Muhanda
Kunyuranaho bikorerwa ibumoso gusa. Birabujijwe kunyuranaho mu makorosi ateje akaga, mu misozi hejuru aho utabona imbere, mu mahuriro y’inzira za gariyamoshi, no ku masangano y’abanyamaguru.
Guhagarara Akanya Gato n’Umwanya Munini
Itandukaniro riri hagati yo guhagarara akanya gato (kugira ngo abantu binjire cyangwa baviremo) no guhagarara umwanya munini (parking). Intera ya metero 5 igomba gusigara ku masangano y’imihanda.
Amatara y’Ikinyabiziga n’Urumuri
Kuzimya amatara maremare (y’urugendo) ugacana amagufi (ay’ikibariro) iyo uhuye n’ikindi kinyabiziga cyangwa iyo ugikurikiye muri m 50. Amatara ndangaburumbarare ku binyabiziga bifite ubugari burenze m 2.10, n’utugarurarumuri tubonwa muri m 150.
Gukurura Ibinyabiziga n’Umutekano
Uburyo bwo gukurura ikinyabiziga hakoreshejwe igiti cyangwa icyuma gikomeye, kubuza gutwara abana bari munsi y’imyaka 12 ku ntebe y’imbere igihe hari indi myanya, n’umukandara w’umutekano.
Inama Zizagufasha Gutsinda Iki Kizamini
Soma neza interuro y'ikibazo witonze. Witondere amagambo nka « birabujijwe », « bigomba », « igihe cyose », cyangwa « Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo ».
Fata mu mutwe ibipimo by'imibare: ubugari bw'ikinyabiziga (m 2.50 / m 2.10), intera yo kubona utugarurarumuri (m 150), urumuri rw'amatara maremare (m 100) n'amagufi (m 40).
Urutonde rw'Ibibazo Byose by'Amategeko (Ibibazo 101)
- 61Amategeko y’umuhandaIcyapa cyerekana ko bibujijwe kuvuza amahoni kirangwa na :
- Aishusho y’uruziga, ubuso bw’ubururu, ikiranga cy’umukara
- Bishusho y’uruziga, ubuso bw’ubururu, ikiranga cy’umweru
- Cishusho y’uruziga, ubuso bw’umweru, ikiranga cy’umukara
- Dntagisubizi cy’ukuri kirimo
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Icyapa cyerekana ko bibujijwe kuvuza amahoni kirangwa na :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. ishusho y’uruziga, ubuso bw’umweru, ikiranga cy’umukara
- 62Amategeko y’umuhandaAhari hejuru cyane y’ubuso bumurika h’amatara ndangambere na ndanganyuma ntihashobora kuba aharenze ibipimo bikurikira hejuru y’ubutaka iyo ikinyabiziga kidapakiye:
- Am1 na cm 50
- Bm1 na cm 75
- Cm 1 na cm 90
- Dm2 na cm 10
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Ahari hejuru cyane y’ubuso bumurika h’amatara ndangambere na ndanganyuma ntihashobora kuba aharenze ibipimo bikurikira hejuru y’ubutaka iyo ikinyabiziga kidapakiye:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. m 1 na cm 90
- 63Amategeko y’umuhandaZa otobisi zagenewe gutwara abanyeshuri zishobora gushyirwaho amatara abiri asa n’icunga rihishije amyasa kugirango yerekane ko zihageze no kwerekana ko bagomba kwitonda, ayo matara ashyirwaho ku buryo bukurikira :
- AAmatara abiri ashyirwa inyuma
- BAmatara abiri ashyirwa imbere
- CRimwe rishyirwa imbere irindi inyuma
- Db na c ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
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Za otobisi zagenewe gutwara abanyeshuri zishobora gushyirwaho amatara abiri asa n’icunga rihishije amyasa kugirango yerekane ko zihageze no kwerekana ko bagomba kwitonda, ayo matara ashyirwaho ku buryo bukurikira :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. Rimwe rishyirwa imbere irindi inyuma
- 64Amategeko y’umuhandaUbugari bwa romoruki n burenza ubugari bw’ikinyabiziga kiyikurura iyo ikuruwe n’ibinyabiziga bikurikira:
- AIgare
- BVelomoteri
- CIpikipiki ifite akanyabiziga kuruhande
- Dbyose ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
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Ubugari bwa romoruki n burenza ubugari bw’ikinyabiziga kiyikurura iyo ikuruwe n’ibinyabiziga bikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. byose ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- 65Amategeko y’umuhandaAmatara ndangambere n’aya ndanganyuma y’imodoka zitarengeje m 6 z’uburebure na m 2 z’ubugari habariwemo imitwaro kdi nta kinyabiziga kindi kiziritseho ashobora gusimburwa n’amatara akurikira, iyo ibyo binyabiziga bihagaze umwanya muto cyangwa munini mu nsisiro bibangikanye ku ruhande rw’umuhanda:
- Aamatara magufi
- Bamatara ndangaburumbarare
- Camatara yo guhagarara umwanya munini
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Amatara ndangambere n’aya ndanganyuma y’imodoka zitarengeje m 6 z’uburebure na m 2 z’ubugari habariwemo imitwaro kdi nta kinyabiziga kindi kiziritseho ashobora gusimburwa n’amatara akurikira, iyo ibyo binyabiziga bihagaze umwanya muto cyangwa munini mu nsisiro bibangikanye ku ruhande rw’umuhanda:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. amatara yo guhagarara umwanya munini
- 66Amategeko y’umuhandaIyo nta mategeko awugabanya by’umwihariko, umuvuduko ntarengwa ku modoka zitwara abagenzi mu buryo bwa rusange ni:
- AKm 60 mu isaha
- BKm 40 mu isaha
- CKm 25 mu isaha
- DKm20 mu isaha
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Iyo nta mategeko awugabanya by’umwihariko, umuvuduko ntarengwa ku modoka zitwara abagenzi mu buryo bwa rusange ni:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: A. Km 60 mu isaha
- 67Amategeko y’umuhandaIkinyabiziga nti gishobora kugira amatara arenga abiri y’ubwoko bumwe keretse kubyerekeye amatara akurikira:
- AItara ndangamubyimba
- BItara ryerekana icyerekezo
- CItara ndangaburumbarare
- DIbisubizo byose ni ukuri
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Ikinyabiziga nti gishobora kugira amatara arenga abiri y’ubwoko bumwe keretse kubyerekeye amatara akurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. Ibisubizo byose ni ukuri
- 68Amategeko y’umuhandaNi iyihe feri ituma imodoka igenda buhoro kandi igahagarara ku buryo bwizewe bubangutse kandi nyabwo, uko imodoka yaba yikoreye kose yaba igeze ahacuramye cyangwa ahaterera:
- AFeri y’urugendo
- BFeri yo gutabara
- CFeri yo guhagarara umwanya munini
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Ni iyihe feri ituma imodoka igenda buhoro kandi igahagarara ku buryo bwizewe bubangutse kandi nyabwo, uko imodoka yaba yikoreye kose yaba igeze ahacuramye cyangwa ahaterera:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: A. Feri y’urugendo
- 69Amategeko y’umuhandaUmurongo mugari wera udacagaguye ushobora gucibwa ku muhanda kugirango ugaragaze ibi bikurikira:
- Ainkombe mpimbano z’umuhanda
- Bahahagararwa umwanya muto n’umunini
- Cahanyura abayobozi b’amagare
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Umurongo mugari wera udacagaguye ushobora gucibwa ku muhanda kugirango ugaragaze ibi bikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: A. inkombe mpimbano z’umuhanda
- 70Amategeko y’umuhandaIki cyapa gisobanura iki ?
- AIgikomera
- BIvuriro ry’amatungo
- CUruzitiro rw’amatungo
- DAkayira k’amatungo
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Iki cyapa gisobanura iki ?
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. Akayira k’amatungo
- 71Amategeko y’umuhandaIbinyabiziga bikurikira bigomba gukorerwa isuzumwa buri mwaka:
- AIbinyabiziga bigenewe gutwara abagenzi muri rusange
- BIbinyabiziga bigenewe gutwara ibintu birengeje toni 3.5
- CIbinyabiziga bigenewe kwigisha gutwara
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Ibinyabiziga bikurikira bigomba gukorerwa isuzumwa buri mwaka:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
- 72Amategeko y’umuhandaNta tara na rimwe cyangwa utugarurarumuri bishobora kuba bifunze kuburyo igice cyabyo cyo hasi cyane kimurika kitaba kiri hasi ya cm 40 kuva ku butaka igihe ikinyabiziga kidapakiye ariko ibyo ntibikurikizwa ku matara akurikira:
- Aamatara kamenabihu
- Bamatara yo gusubira inyuma
- CA na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Nta tara na rimwe cyangwa utugarurarumuri bishobora kuba bifunze kuburyo igice cyabyo cyo hasi cyane kimurika kitaba kiri hasi ya cm 40 kuva ku butaka igihe ikinyabiziga kidapakiye ariko ibyo ntibikurikizwa ku matara akurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. A na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- 73Amategeko y’umuhandaUbugari bw’imizigo yikorewe n’ibinyamitende itatu n’ubwiyikorewe n’ibinyamitende 4 bifite cyangwa bidafite moteri kimwe n’ubw’iyikorewe na romuruki zikuruwe n’ibyo binyabiziga ntibushobora kurenga ibipimo bikurikira:
- Acm 30 ku bugari bw’icyo kinyabiziga kidapakiye
- BUbugari ntarengwa budakuka ni metero 2 na sentimetero 50
- CA na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Ubugari bw’imizigo yikorewe n’ibinyamitende itatu n’ubwiyikorewe n’ibinyamitende 4 bifite cyangwa bidafite moteri kimwe n’ubw’iyikorewe na romuruki zikuruwe n’ibyo binyabiziga ntibushobora kurenga ibipimo bikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. A na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- 74Amategeko y’umuhandakuri iki cyapa cyo mu muhanda cyambere kintegeka ?
- AKugendera k’umuvuduko uri hejuru ya 30km/h
- Bkutarenza umuvuduko wa 30km/h
- Cbirabujijwe kugendera kumuvuduko uri hejuru ya 30km/h
- Dnta gisubizo cyukuri
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kuri iki cyapa cyo mu muhanda cyambere kintegeka ?
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. birabujijwe kugendera kumuvuduko uri hejuru ya 30km/h
- 75Amategeko y’umuhandaIbimenyetso bimurika byerekana uburyo bwo kugendera mu muhanda kw'ibinyabiziga bishyirwa iburyo bw'umuhanda. Ariko bishobora no gushyirwa ibumoso cyangwa hejuru y’umuhanda:
- AHakurikijwe icyerekezo abagenzi bireba baganamo
- BHakurikijwe icyo ibyo bimenyetso bigamije kwerekana
- CKugirango birusheho kugaragara neza
- DIbisubizo byose ni ukuri
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Ibimenyetso bimurika byerekana uburyo bwo kugendera mu muhanda kw'ibinyabiziga bishyirwa iburyo bw'umuhanda. Ariko bishobora no gushyirwa ibumoso cyangwa hejuru y’umuhanda:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. Kugirango birusheho kugaragara neza
- 76Amategeko y’umuhandaInkombe z’inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa z’umuhanda zishobora kugaragazwa n’ibikoresho ngarurarumuri. Ibyo bikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho ku buryo abagenzi babibona ku buryo bukurikira:
- Ababona iburyo bwabo ibyibara ritukura cyangwa ibisa n’icunga rihishije
- Bibumoso babona iby’ibara ryera
- CA na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Inkombe z’inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa z’umuhanda zishobora kugaragazwa n’ibikoresho ngarurarumuri. Ibyo bikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho ku buryo abagenzi babibona ku buryo bukurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. A na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- 77Amategeko y’umuhandaKunyura ku binyabiziga bindi, uretse icy’ibiziga bibiri, bibujijwe aha hakurikira:
- AHafi y’iteme iyo hari umuhanda ufunganye
- BHafi y’aho abanyamaguru banyura
- CHafi y’ibice by’umuhanda bimeze nabi
- DIbi bisubizo byose ni ukuri
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Kunyura ku binyabiziga bindi, uretse icy’ibiziga bibiri, bibujijwe aha hakurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. Ibi bisubizo byose ni ukuri
- 78Amategeko y’umuhandaUretse mu mijyi kuyindi mihanda yagenywe na minisiteri ushinzwe gutwara ibintu n’abantu, uburemere ntarengwa bwemewe ku binyabiziga bifatanye bifite imitambiko itatu ni:
- Atoni 20
- Btoni 16
- Ctoni 12
- Dtoni 10
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Uretse mu mijyi kuyindi mihanda yagenywe na minisiteri ushinzwe gutwara ibintu n’abantu, uburemere ntarengwa bwemewe ku binyabiziga bifatanye bifite imitambiko itatu ni:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. toni 12
- 79Amategeko y’umuhandaKu kinyabiziga cyangwa ibinyabiziga bikururana igice kirenga ku biziga ntikigomba kurenga ibipimo bikurikira:
- Ainyuma ni m 3 na cm 50
- Bimbere ni m 1 na cm 70
- CA na B ni ibisubizo by’ukuri
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Ku kinyabiziga cyangwa ibinyabiziga bikururana igice kirenga ku biziga ntikigomba kurenga ibipimo bikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: A. inyuma ni m 3 na cm 50
- 80Amategeko y’umuhandaUmuyobozi ugenda mu muhanda igihe ubugari bwawo budatuma anyuranaho nta nkomyi ashobora kunyura mu kayira k’abanyamaguru ariko amaze kureba ibi bikurikira:
- AUmuvuduko w’abanyamaguru
- BUbugari bw’umuhanda
- CUmubare w’abanyamaguru
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Umuyobozi ugenda mu muhanda igihe ubugari bwawo budatuma anyuranaho nta nkomyi ashobora kunyura mu kayira k’abanyamaguru ariko amaze kureba ibi bikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa ku Mategeko y'Umuhanda
Ibibazo by'ingenzi byo mu kizamini cy'agateganyo n'ibisubizo by'ukuri n'ibisobanuro byabyo.
1Inkombe z’inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa z’umuhanda zishobora kugaragazwa n’ibikoresho ngarurarumuri. Ibyo bikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho ku buryo abagenzi babibona :▾
- 01Amategeko y’umuhandaInkombe z’inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa z’umuhanda zishobora kugaragazwa n’ibikoresho ngarurarumuri. Ibyo bikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho ku buryo abagenzi babibona :
- ABabona gusa ibumoso bwabo iby’ibara ritukura
- BIburyo babona iby’ibara risa n’icunga rihishije gusa
- CBabona iby’ibara ry’umuhondo ibumoso
- DNta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Inkombe z’inzira nyabagendwa cyangwa z’umuhanda zishobora kugaragazwa n’ibikoresho ngarurarumuri. Ibyo bikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho ku buryo abagenzi babibona :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: D. Nta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
2Iyo hatarimo indi myanya birabujijwe gutwara ku ntebe y’imbere y’imodoka abana badafite imyaka:▾
- 02Amategeko y’umuhandaIyo hatarimo indi myanya birabujijwe gutwara ku ntebe y’imbere y’imodoka abana badafite imyaka:
- AImyaka 10
- BImyaka 12
- CImyaka 7
- DNtagisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Iyo hatarimo indi myanya birabujijwe gutwara ku ntebe y’imbere y’imodoka abana badafite imyaka:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: B. Imyaka 12
3Ibinyabiziga bifite ubugari bufite ibipimo bikurikira bigomba kugira amatara ndangaburumbarare :▾
- 03Amategeko y’umuhandaIbinyabiziga bifite ubugari bufite ibipimo bikurikira bigomba kugira amatara ndangaburumbarare :
- AMetero 3
- BMetero 2 na cm 50
- CMetero 2 na cm 10
- DMetero 2
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Ibinyabiziga bifite ubugari bufite ibipimo bikurikira bigomba kugira amatara ndangaburumbarare :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. Metero 2 na cm 10
4Iyo tumuritswe n’amatara y’urugendo y’ikinyabiziga utugarurarumuri tugomba n’ijoro, igihe ijuru rikeye kubonwa n’umuyobozi w’ikinyabiziga kiri mu ntera ikurikira:▾
- 04Amategeko y’umuhandaIyo tumuritswe n’amatara y’urugendo y’ikinyabiziga utugarurarumuri tugomba n’ijoro, igihe ijuru rikeye kubonwa n’umuyobozi w’ikinyabiziga kiri mu ntera ikurikira:
- Ametero 100
- Bmetero 150
- Cmetero 200
- Dnta gisubizo cy’ukuri kirimo
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Iyo tumuritswe n’amatara y’urugendo y’ikinyabiziga utugarurarumuri tugomba n’ijoro, igihe ijuru rikeye kubonwa n’umuyobozi w’ikinyabiziga kiri mu ntera ikurikira:
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: B. metero 150
5Iyo umuhanda ugabanijemo ibisate bibiri kandi ugendwamo mu byerekezo byombi umuyobozi abujijwe :▾
- 101Amategeko y’umuhandaIyo umuhanda ugabanijemo ibisate bibiri kandi ugendwamo mu byerekezo byombi umuyobozi abujijwe :
- Akugendera mu gisate cy’iburyo
- Bkunyuranaho
- Ckugendera mu gisate cy’ibumoso
- Dibisubizo byose ni byo
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Iyo umuhanda ugabanijemo ibisate bibiri kandi ugendwamo mu byerekezo byombi umuyobozi abujijwe :
Igisubizo cy’ukuri: C. kugendera mu gisate cy’ibumoso
Ibyapa byo mu Muhanda (Ibibazo 97)
Iga ibyapa biburira ibyago, ibibuza, ibitegeka, n’ibimenyetso byo ku butaka bifite amafoto yabyo.
Itoze Ibibazo by'Amategeko y'Umuhanda
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